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Volume 7 Issue 2
Mar.  2020

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica

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Article Contents
Xumin Huang, Dongdong Ye, Rong Yu and Lei Shu, "Securing Parked Vehicle Assisted Fog Computing With Blockchain and Optimal Smart Contract Design," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 426-441, Mar. 2020. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003039
Citation: Xumin Huang, Dongdong Ye, Rong Yu and Lei Shu, "Securing Parked Vehicle Assisted Fog Computing With Blockchain and Optimal Smart Contract Design," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 426-441, Mar. 2020. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003039

Securing Parked Vehicle Assisted Fog Computing With Blockchain and Optimal Smart Contract Design

doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003039
Funds:  This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61971148), the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province (2015B010129001), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province (2018GXNSFDA281013), the Foundation for Science and Technology Project of Guilin City (20190214-3), and the Key Science and Technology Project of Guangxi (AA18242021)
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  • Vehicular fog computing (VFC) has been envisioned as an important application of fog computing in vehicular networks. Parked vehicles with embedded computation resources could be exploited as a supplement for VFC. They cooperate with fog servers to process offloading requests at the vehicular network edge, leading to a new paradigm called parked vehicle assisted fog computing (PVFC). However, each coin has two sides. There is a follow-up challenging issue in the distributed and trustless computing environment. The centralized computation offloading without tamper-proof audit causes security threats. It could not guard against false-reporting, free-riding behaviors, spoofing attacks and repudiation attacks. Thus, we leverage the blockchain technology to achieve decentralized PVFC. Request posting, workload undertaking, task evaluation and reward assignment are organized and validated automatically through smart contract executions. Network activities in computation offloading become transparent, verifiable and traceable to eliminate security risks. To this end, we introduce network entities and design interactive smart contract operations across them. The optimal smart contract design problem is formulated and solved within the Stackelberg game framework to minimize the total payments for users. Security analysis and extensive numerical results are provided to demonstrate that our scheme has high security and efficiency guarantee.

     

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    Highlights

    • Parked Vehicle assisted Fog Computing (PVFC) is introduced to exploit numerous parked vehicles with embedded computation resources as a great supplement for Vehicular Fog Computing (VFC).
    • PVFChain with an optimal smart contract design is further proposed to conduct offloading services in a totally decentralized way. Finally, the scheme improves the network security and efficiency by leveraging the blockchain technology.
    • Request posting, workload undertaking, task evaluation and reward assignment are organized and validated automatically through smart contract executions. The optimal smart contract design problem is also formulated and solved within the Stackelberg game framework to minimize service fee for users and enrich user satisfaction in computation offloading.

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