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Volume 8 Issue 1
Jan.  2021

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica

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Article Navigation >  IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica  > 2021  >  8(1): 206-218
Guang Chen, Fa Wang, Xiaoding Yuan, Zhijun Li, Zichen Liang and Alois Knoll, "NeuroBiometric: An Eye Blink Based Biometric Authentication System Using an Event-Based Neuromorphic Vision Sensor," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 206-218, Jan. 2021. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003483
Citation: Guang Chen, Fa Wang, Xiaoding Yuan, Zhijun Li, Zichen Liang and Alois Knoll, "NeuroBiometric: An Eye Blink Based Biometric Authentication System Using an Event-Based Neuromorphic Vision Sensor," IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 206-218, Jan. 2021. doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003483
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NeuroBiometric: An Eye Blink Based Biometric Authentication System Using an Event-Based Neuromorphic Vision Sensor

doi: 10.1109/JAS.2020.1003483
Funds:  This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61906138), the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2018AAA0102900), the Shanghai Automotive Industry Sci-Tech Development Program (1838), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (785907), and the Shanghai AI Innovation Development Program 2018
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    Abstract
  • The rise of the Internet and identity authentication systems has brought convenience to people’s lives but has also introduced the potential risk of privacy leaks. Existing biometric authentication systems based on explicit and static features bear the risk of being attacked by mimicked data. This work proposes a highly efficient biometric authentication system based on transient eye blink signals that are precisely captured by a neuromorphic vision sensor with microsecond-level temporal resolution. The neuromorphic vision sensor only transmits the local pixel-level changes induced by the eye blinks when they occur, which leads to advantageous characteristics such as an ultra-low latency response. We first propose a set of effective biometric features describing the motion, speed, energy and frequency signal of eye blinks based on the microsecond temporal resolution of event densities. We then train the ensemble model and non-ensemble model with our NeuroBiometric dataset for biometrics authentication. The experiments show that our system is able to identify and verify the subjects with the ensemble model at an accuracy of 0.948 and with the non-ensemble model at an accuracy of 0.925. The low false positive rates (about 0.002) and the highly dynamic features are not only hard to reproduce but also avoid recording visible characteristics of a user’s appearance. The proposed system sheds light on a new path towards safer authentication using neuromorphic vision sensors.

     

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    Highlights

    • Proposing the first-ever neuromorphic sensor-based biometric authentication system to capture subtle changes of human eye blinks in microsecond level latency. It outperforms the authentication system with the traditional CMOS cameras in terms of speed without sacrificing the accuracy.
    • Offering the first-ever neuromorphic eyeblink dataset which contains subtle motions of eyebrow and ocular during some normal blinks. The ratio of males to females among volunteers approaches 1 and they are all in a normal state. We uses DAVIS346 with a resolution of 346*260 pixels, a temporal resolution of 1 μs and an outstanding dynamic range (up to 140 dB) to collect dataset indoors under the natural light of the day. To encourage any comparison with this work, the dataset could be downloaded by https://github.com/ispc-lab/NeuroBiometrics.
    • Constructing a series of microsecond level event-driven eye-blinking features (204 in total) out of 4 types of smoothing curves generated from our filtered biometrics data in time and frequency domain. They are classified into 5 groups: duration features, speed features, energy features, ratio features and frequency features, serving as the candidate feature set of the subsequent processing.
    • Providing effective feature selection and identity recognition approaches for authentication. Recursive feature elimination is applied on the candidate feature set as the first step and the second step of feature selection could be conducted through Pearson correlation coefficient-based approach and coefficient of variation-based approach respectively. Identity recognition approaches include ensemble and non-ensemble models and their results show very low false-positive rates, which reveals that highly dynamic features are not only hard to fake but also protect visible characteristics of a user’s appearance.

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